这恩典是神用诸般智慧聪明,充充足足赏给我们的;

以弗所书 1:8

翻译Hoehner的《以弗所书》,实在太过于有趣,简直停不下来。的确是近年来在以弗所书上最重要的研究成果汇总。限于合同,不说细节了。希望明年能顺利出版吧。

简单总结了前几本注释书的翻译时间,下面列出的时间不算很精确,因为没有算上发呆或跳到别处查询资料的时间。不过平均1小时1500个英文, 差不多2500个汉字的速度,还是为我节约了许多时间。

举例来说,在研究以弗所书1:8时,遇到这么个折磨人的句子:

The singular feminine genitive relative pronoun ης is in direct attraction to the attecedent χαριτος,“grace”.

遇到这种句子,我只能怀疑人生了。果然当初希腊文没学好,不知道什么叫”direct attraction”. 我大笔一挥,难道翻译成“一见钟情”?这不是又有singular,又有feminine,又有relative和genitive吗?

回头想想,不能这么愚笨,还是查一下语法书吧。

Attraction. A relative pronoun normally agrees with its antecedent in gender and number, but
sometimes the relative pronoun is attracted to the case of the antecedent resulting in a relative
clause. There are two types of attraction: direct and indirect.

  1. Direct attraction. When the relative pronoun is attracted to the case of the antecedent it is
    called direct. For example, John 4:14: ὃς δʼ ἂν πίῃ ἐκ τοῦ ὕδατος οὗ ἐγὼ δώσω αὐτῷ, οὐ μὴ διψήσει εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα, ἀλλὰ τὸ ὕδωρ ὃ δώσω αὐτῷ γενήσεται ἐν αὐτῷ πηγὴ ὕδατος ἁλλομένου εἰς ζωὴν αἰώνιον. (But whoever drinks of the water that I will give him will never thirst. But the water that I will give him will become in him a fountain of water springing up into everlasting life.)

  2. Indirect attraction. When the antecedent is attracted to the case of the relative pronoun it is
    called indirect attraction. For example, Mark 12:10: οὐδὲ τὴν γραφὴν ταύτην ἀνέγνωτε, Λίθον ὃν ἀπεδοκίμασαν οἱ οἰκοδομοῦντες, οὗτος ἐγενήθη εἰς κεφαλὴν γωνίας· (And have you not read this scripture: The stone which the builders rejected, this has become the chief cornerstone.)

所以,这是一种中文中没有的语法现象。约翰福音 4:14中的关系代词 ὃς,在这一句中本来应当是宾格,“喝我所赐之水的人”,但被先行词所吸引,变成了主格,“人若喝我所赐的水就永远不渴。”这就是所谓direct attraction。

马可福音 12:14,“石头”本是主语,“石头变成了房角石”,但这里的“Λίθον”随着后面的子句“被匠人所弃的那块”一并转为了宾格。这种先行词随着后面的关系代词改变名词格的语法现象,就是所谓”inderect attraction“。

当然,在实践和工作中学习是一件愉快的事情,至少表明我暂时还不是deepL可以替代的智能主体。


翻译注释书,仍然是一个研经的过程。至少我可以说,我这一生认真地从头至尾读过几本严肃的希腊文注释,多少了解这些注释所涉及的新约书卷。

再举一例:

以弗所书 1:6 ”使他荣耀的恩典得着称赞“;1:12”12 叫他的荣耀……可以得着称赞“,1:14”使他的荣耀得着称赞“,从文学角度和神学角度,以及语法学角度,1:6真的不是”使他恩典的荣耀得着称赞“才对吗?

我从前所学的,都是从CIU的Dr. Bill Larkin而来,他与Heohner直接正面刚:

εἰς ἔπαινον. Purpose. Praise is the purpose or contemplated result of προορίσας, not the main verb, which is more remote in context.
δόξης. Objective genitive (contra Calvin, 201, who takes it as an attributive modifier of ἔπαινον: “glorious praise”).
τῆς χάριτος. Although χάριτος could modify δόξης as a genitive of quality (“praise of the glory of his grace”; Hoehner, 202), given the focus on “grace” in the context, it is better to take χάριτος as an attributed genitive (see 1:5 on τοῦ θελήματος). Though normally in a multi-genitive construction the governing noun is placed before the dependent one (BDF §168.2), an attributed genitive construction will do the reverse (cf. 1:18 for another example with δόξης). Paul uses χάριτος to set up another word-play (χαριτόω . . . χάριτος, 1:6-7; cf. 1:3 on Εὐλογητὸς), once again illustrating the careful rhetorical crafting of this section.

所以,我从前对于达拉斯神学院的Hoehner博士的想法是颇为不对的。Hoehner33岁就加入达拉斯,后来许多精力投入在圣经翻译上,我们现在读到的英文圣经,包括NASB,ESV,NET,NLT,NCV都有他的翻译和评审。他没有写太多注释书,一生就留下这本”以弗所书释经注释“而已。


下表是翻译雅各书和使徒行传的时间,或者说,我自学”雅各书“和”使徒行传“两门课的时间吧。就此打住,预备明天的讲道了。(注:以弗所书的脚注未译,所以速度显得很快,达到了惊人的9490.25字每小时。这是不对的,但我估计目前的速度还是比雅各书和使徒行传略微快一些——技术和手段在进步,我的经验和水平也略微提高了一点。)

| 雅各书注释.docx | |---| | Type | Edit time | Words per hour | | All | 141:34:29,185 | 1565.67 | | | | ACTS-23-26\_Missing\_Part.docx | | Type | Edit time | Words per hour | | All | 10:10:23,457 | 1938.04 | | | | The Book of the Acts FF Bruce-notes.docx | | Type | Edit time | Words per hour | | All | 178:36:27,168 | 1543.09 | | | | Harlold Hoehner Ephesians.docx | | Type | Edit time | Words per hour | | All | 15:29:22,485 | 9490.25 |
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